mini project # 3 PLAYDOUGH

photo credit; Lexi Chierici

in class with our group we made play dough. first we got out pot and filled it with the ingredients below. we mixed it well till it look completely mixed. then we had the choice to pick a color for our play dough. we got to pick between reds blues pinks and yellows. our group choose pink. we set our hot plate and began to cook the play dough. it took a long time for the play dough to get hard. finally we were done cooking and we god to play with the dough. at first it was hot so we couldn't touch it with our hands. the play dough was soft in some parts and more rough in others. but if you moves the hard parts with your hands it would soften out. overall it was really fun and simple to make and even more fun to play with!

Ingredients/Materials:

1. hot plate
2. pot
3. flour
4. water
5. salt
6. oil
7. food coloring
8. mixing spoon

Science:

-chemical reations

- physical reations

mini project #2 Ice cream

photocredit = Jensen Li

Inclass today we made ice cream! everyone was really excited to get started the procedure was simple but took time and the right measurements to make it correctly. once we got our partners and plastic bag we began to fill them with all the ingredients listed below. after, we began to flip the back back and fourth holding it from the top. after maybe 3-5 minutes my partner and i were ready to test the ice cream. we were nervous at first because other kids had complained that the salt had seeped into the ice cream and gave it a bitter taste. when we finally tried it it tasted pretty good! some parts were thicker than others but overall it was delicious!

Materials/Ingredients:

1. plastic bags
2. milk
3. sugar
4. vanilla extract or chocolate syrup
5. ice
6. salt
7. spoons
8. measuring spoons/cups

Science

Ice has to absorb energy in order to melt, changing the phase of water from a solid to a liquid. When you use ice to cool the ingredients for ice cream, the energy is absorbed from the ingredients and from the outside environment When you add salt to the ice, it lowers the freezing point of the ice, so even more energy has to be absorbed from the environment in order for the ice to melt. This makes the ice colder than it was before, which is how your ice cream freezes.

Theories

-freezing point depression

Chem standard 10A

Chem standard 10A : large molecules (polymers), such as proteins, nucleic acids, and starch, are formed by repetitive combinations of simple subunits.

A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds.

bio polymers such as DNA and proteins that are essential for life on the other. A simple example is polyethylene, whose repeating unit is based on ethylene monomer.

SUBUNITS

• proteins: amino acids


• Nucleic Acids: nucleotides


• Starch: carbohydrates
  
  
  

mills canyon field trip

View Mills Canyon in a larger map\



Last thursday my chemistry class and i took a field trip to mills creek canyon. first we took about a mile walk to get to the canyon. the walk was enjoyable but the uphill section was a bit tiring. once we arrived at the canyon we walk for about an hour through the dirt, mud, leaves and grass. later we ate lunch on the whispering staircase. at about 1:30 we walked the same path back to mills.

overall i enjoyed the field trip. it was fun learning somewhere other than the classroom. the only thing i would change is that i had a better understanding of what was our destination and i wish i didnt get a sunburn!!!

here is a picture of me and my friends at the canyon :)

The unpopable water balloon!

photo credit: Alexis Chierici

When me and my partner, Kaylyn Dawkins, first entered the lab to create our mini project we had no clue what to make. All we knew is that we had a balloon to work with. We decided to make an unbreakable water balloon. we filled up the balloon and then found thing we could surround the balloon with to keep the plastic balloon itself from being harmed. We surround the water balloon with the following items

1. pink post it's (for color and/or decoration).
2. plastic tape for protection.
3. bubble rap for support.

when we finished making our balloon we went outside to test it's durability. my partner threw it up and unfortunately it popped. we failed but with more protection or balloon would have survived.

SCIENCE:
molecular structure of water and air.


a real unbreakable water balloon!

IProposeWe Make a mentos bottle rocket

Materials

- 2 liters of diet coke

- 4 mint flavored mentos



Procedure

1. gather the materials you will need

2. cut a strip of paper about 4 inches

3. take out 5-7 mentos out of the roll

4. Lay the Mentos face-down onto the strip of tape, just as they are lined up in a roll of Mentos.

5. Take another strip of tape the same size as the previous one, and put this one on the top. Leave the sides of the Mentos exposed

6. Take a strip of tape about three inches and roll its sticky side out around your finger to make a roll that is sticky on the outside.

7. Take that and stick it to the top of the Mentos roll

8. Stick that to the bottom of the diet coke cap

9. Make sure that it is secure and then twist the cap back on

10. 10Take the coke and face the cap opposite of where the coke should go. Jump in the air and slam the coke on the ground evenly on its side.

11. STEP BACK AND ENJOY!!!!!





Safty Precautions

- make sure you are outside when you preform the expiriment in a large open area.

- make sure there aren't a lot of people around.







Scientific Principle

*When the mentos are dropped in the bottle of Diet Coke, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is released in an instant, resulting in an eruption of soda. Diet Coke is supersaturated with carbon dioxide gas. Scratches on the surface of a Mentos mint can serve as nucleation sites, places where the carbon dioxide gas can form bubbles. Since there are so many of these sites on a Mentos, the gas comes out of solution extremely rapidly. The effect is magnified by the fact that a Mentos is denser than Coke. As it sinks, it comes into contact with liquid from the top to the bottom of the bottle. The sudden increase in pressure that results from the rapid release of gas forces the soda out of the bottle.



SEE FOR YOURSELF!



LINK #1



LEARRRRRRRRRRRRRN MOREEEEEEEEEE :)

Endothermic reactions

Endothermic reactions draw heat in from their surroundings

*gain heat

*have a positive delta H

*have energy as a reactant

*ex: photosynthsis

reactants + energy ---> products

Le Chatelier's principle

" If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, the system shifts to counter

the effect of the disturbance"

Le Chatelier is saying that equilibria Resists change.

Pressure and Le Chatelier's Principle

count the number of gas molecules on each side of the balanced chemical equation.

* a shift towards more gas molecules INCREASES pressure.

*a shift towards fewer gas molecules DECREASES pressure.

remember: if the numbers of gas molecules is equal, then changes in pressure has no effect.

Calorimetry & Q=mcDELTA T

In one of our past units we learned about calorimetry. calorimetry is the measurement of heat flow.

the measurements are made inside an insulated apparatus called a calorimeter.

to calculate heat energy we used this formula Q=mcdeltaT.

m= the mass of the matter being measured.

c=specific heat. the amount of heat energy required to raise 1g of a substance to 1*c. (cal/g*c or J/g*c)

remeber Q=mcdeltaT can only refer to ONE object

swich up the formula to find certin variables---->

Q=mcdeltaT

m=Q/cdelatT

c= Q/mdeltaT

delta T=Q/mc

lean more about Q=mcDELTA T ***

DAVID WEB!

today in class we had two visitors, David Webb and his assistant. When i first walked in i noticed a bunch of random things over it the lab. everything from coca cola bottles and weights to balloons. through the class David Webb picked voulenteers form out class and had them participate in his labs. all the labs had something to do with the atmosphere. in a lot of his expiriments he used a vacuum. not a vacuum used to clean your house but a chemistry vacuum. the vacuums showed us how objects act in different atmospheres with different air pressures. i thought it was really cool to learn about how things happen in space and why humans wouldnt be able to live there. Overall it was probally one of the coolest days in chemistry.

LEAN MORE ABOUT VACUUMS**

exothermic reactions :)

Exothermic reactions are reaction give heat off to their surroundings. the energy needed for the reaction to occur is less than the total energy released

*release heat
*have a negative delta H
*and have energy as a product

*ex: combustion

reactants → products + energy

Solubility

solubility= the ability to dissove

solid- solutes dissove faster when:
- temp is higher
-more surface aera
- you stir or agitate the solution

Gaseous= solutes dissolve faster when
-temp if lower
-pressure is higher

acids and bases!

acids aka proton donors

did you know that
-acids taste sour
- strong acid are strong electrolytes
- acids are found in many foods
-acids burn on the skin!!!

bases
-bases are in household cleaners
-bases taste bitter
-bases feel slippery


learnnn more

STOICHIOMETRY

mole to mole conversion

gX to mol X to mol Y to g Y

stoichiometry means that we are given an amount of a substance and have to calculate the amount of that substance we will need to ract and create a different substance.

CONVERSION FACTOOORS :)

did you know there are ten steps for using conversion factors?

1. write the given (including the units)
2. write a tiny dot ( which means multiply)
3. write a horizontal line ("divide")
4. into the bottom, write the units the cancel
5.Into the top, write the units to move to
6. write the numerals that make the top and bottom equal
7. write more conversion factor(s) if necessary
8. when your final unit is what you want write "="
9. cancel all matching units, and calculate
10. box your answer ( including the units)


IF YOUR USE THESE STEPSSS YOUR WILL ALWAYS FIND THE CORRECT ANSWERRR :)

looooooook here form more info !!

Compostition boooks :)

this semester Mr.olson decided to add something new to our weekly routine. He gives us cut outs to paste into your composition books. We just recently added things about mole to mole framework and stoichiometry. Mr. olson makes our blogs fifty points each check. so far i have gotten full points and it has really helped out my grade. We also get to use it on our test. I LOVE MY COMPOSITION BOOK.

Like Dissolves Like

" Like Dissolves Like"

dissolving is defined as making a solution of, as by mixing with a liquid; pass into solution :)


"Like dissolves like", describes the general principle of solubility (i.e. polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes)
LEARN MOREEEE :) *** salt solvent :)